Intake manifold



April 15 I924.

s.-F. EVELYN INTAKE MANIFOLD Filed March 27, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. STEVEN E L'vELY/v.

BY Maw/T6 @1111 A TTORNEY.

April 15, 1924. 1,490,604

S. F. EVELYN INTAKE MANIFOLD Filed March 27 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Q I I I I 7 W M W INVENTOR. jTEVEN f. [Yb'LY/V.

A TTORNEYJ atented Apr, l5, i324,

' STEVEN F. EVELYN, 015 DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO CONTINENTAL MOEORS MOTION, F DETROIT, MIGEIGAN, A CORPORATION OF "I r;

INTAKE -N'1TOLD.

Application filed Karen 27, 1922. Serial Ho. 547,338.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that l, STEVEN F. EVELYN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of E Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Intake Manifolds, of which the following is a specification.

.My invention relates to an improved construction of intake manifolds for use with internal combustion motors by which heating of the intake manifold is effected to advantage from the exhaust manifold and by which also a considerable portion of the intake passages heretofore incorporated in the cylinder block are removed from that structure and included in a partof the manifold construction outside. of the cylinder block. v

In connection with intake manifolds, as

is well known in the art, the combustible mixture for the cylinders of a multi-cylinder motor, for example a six cylinder motor, is taken from the carburetor through a single passageway, which branches at a first point to conduct the mixture through either one of two paths and each of these paths in turn subsequently branches to supply either one of two further subdivided aths, making four paths ultimately supplied with mixture from the same passageway extending from the carburetor in order that each intake valve may properly be supplied with mix-- ture, it being desirable in constructing the intake manifold and the cylinder block to provide substantially the same resistance to gas flow in each of these paths and yet to maintain this resistance through any path as low as can be done in connection with practical constructions and in view of the other requirements of manifold and cylinder design. Heretofore, as far as I am aware, the first branch referred to above has commonly been constructed in the intake manifold and the second branches referred to have been constructed in the cylinder block, that is to say in the casting in which the cylinders are formed, as a result of which the second branches have been intimatelyassociated with the water jacket formed in the cylinder casting. Although the construction of cylinder block just referied to has been found to operate satisfactorily when high test gasoline was available, it has been found that with the lower grade gasoline placed on the market during the last few years and which mustnow be used generally in operating motors of this kind, the branches referred to in the cylinder block are the means of causing considerable precipitation of the heavier constitw ents of the low grade fuel on starting the motor, which condition continues until the jacketing water of the motor is heated sufficiently by operation of the motor to prevent the said precipitation, or in other words a considerable time element is involved in bringing the motor to a smooth running condition upon starting the same. The same tendency to precipitate the heavier constituents of the fuel has also been experienced at the first branch referred to from the carburetor and in the past it has been proposed in one way or another to heat the intake manifold at that point by heat derived from the exhaust gases to prevent the precipitation, but as far as I am aware no means has heretofore been proposed for heating the second branches referred to by means of exhaust gases so as to materially shorten the time-element at starting required to produce a smooth running condition of the motor. 7

By my invention 1 separate the mixture ath from the carburetor to the intake valves into three parts, first a portion containing the first branch referred to which delivers the mixture at two points, this portion corresponding somewhat to the ordinary intake manifold heretofore used; second, an intermediate portion containing the second branches referred to which receive the mix ture at two points and delivers the mixture from said intermediate portion to the cylinder block at four points; and third, simple passageways or ports which without change of direction deliver the mixture in the cylinder block from the four points of delivery from the intermediate portion to the intake valves mounted in the cylinder block. The intermediate portion referred to is made preferably from cast iron, cored to provide the assages through it and I prefer to form in tile same casting, the exhaust manifold in such a manner. that portions of the wall of the exhaust manifold are in intimate contact with the second branches referred to and furthermore that a passage is provided from the exhaust manifold to a chamber in the first portion referred to, in intimate contact with the first branch in the intake passageway. The said first portion of the intake passageway is also preferably made of cast iron having the desired passages formed in it by coring the casting. Furthermore by my improved construction I locate all of the connections for engagement with the cylinder block in the same plane and preferably locate all of the connections for engagement with the first portion of the intake passageway in a second plane which preferably is parallel with the first plane referred to so that these surfaces may be machined on each side of the intermediate portion by a single planing or milling operation extending across all of the connecting portions on each side of the intermediate portion.

By my improved construction no branches of the intake passageway are contained in the cylinder block and there is therefore practically no tendency for the fuel to precipitate during the starting condition of the motor as a result of the jacketing water being relatively cold at that time and all of the branches in the intake passageway are effectively heated by the exhaust gases so that practically all tendency of the fuel to precipitate is eliminated almost immediately upon starting the motor since the exhaust manifold and the intake branches in intimate association with the exhaust gases are highly heated almost immediately upon starting the motor. By constructing the first and second portions of the intake passageways separately as described, I produce a structure which is practical and which may readily be made, whereas, if it were attempted to construct the said first and second ortions in a single piece or casting, the prob em of coring the structure would be so complicated as to make its construction practically prohibitive. Another advantage resulting from my construction is that the construction of the cylinder block is much simplified and cheapened since the passageways required to be formed in it for the gases are all straight and simple.

My invention will best be understood by references to the accompanying drawings showing a preferred embodiment thereof in which Fig. 1 shows in plan view a cylinder block with the first and second portions of the intake passages connected thereto,

Fig. 2 shows in side elevation the parts seen in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the parts shown in Figs. 1 and 2 taken along the line 3-3,

Fig.

4 is a sectional view of the parts.

shpiwn in Fig. 2 taken along the line 44, an

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of part of the cylinder block shown in Fig. 1 taken along the line 55, the valves being removed in this figure.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

As shown in the drawings a cylinder block is shown having cylinder bores 11, 12, 13, 14, and 16 provided respectively with intake valves 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22, and exhaust valves 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28. The intake valves 17 and 18 open into a common supply passage 29 extending straight through the block to the vertical face 30 of the block, which is machined preferably by planingor milling to receive the intermediate portion of the intake passages. The intake valves 21 and 22 are connected with a similar passageway 31. The intake valves 19 and are connected with passageways 32 and 33 similar to the passageways 29 and 31, the only difference being that each of the passageways 32 and 33 supplies a single .intake valve with mixture. The exhaust valves 23, 24 27 and 28 are connected with similar passageways 34, 35, 36 and 37, each for delivering the exhaust gases from a single valve and the exhaust valves and 26 are connected with a similar passageway 38 for delivering the exhaust gases from both of said valves. It will be understood that the cylinder block 10 is made of cast metal and cored to form a water jacket surrounding the several cylinder bores and all of the said passageways.

The intermediate portion of the intake passageways consists preferably of a single cored structure of cast metal including an exhaust manifold 39 having extending connections 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44 for connection respectively with the exhaust passageways 34, 35, 36, 37 and 38 in the cylinder block; also two intake passageways 45 and 46 provided with connections 47 and 48 for receiving the mixture from the first portion of the intake passageways. The passageway 45 18 provided with delivery connections 49 and 50 for connection with the intake passageways 29 and 32 in the cylinder block. The passageway 46 is similarly provided with connections 51 and 52 for connection with the intake assageways 33 and 31 in the cylinder block. 4

The surfaces of the connections 40, 49, 41, 50, 44, 51, 42, 52 and 43 are machined pref" erably by milling or planing and in the same lane to engage the lane surface of the cylinder block provide to receive them.

The first portion of the intake passageways consists of manifold section 53 having a connection 54 opening downwardly from its mid-portion for connection with the carburetor and having delivery connections 55 and 56 for engaging the connections 47 and 48 of the intermediate portion of the intake passageways.

As shown in Fig. 3, the exhaust manifold 39 is provided with a passageway 39 ex tending downwardly therefrom and opening through the connection A to communicate with the passageway 38 in the cylinder block 10 and this passageway 39 extends through a connection 57 on the outside of the intermediate portion, for engagement with a connection 58 formed on the portion 53. The portion 53 is cored out as indicated at 58 to form a chamber communicating with the passageway 39 which surrounds the intake passage 53 at the place where it branches from its single supply passage to its two de livery passages and in this manner the exhaust gases from the exhaust manifold are brought into immediate engagement with the wall of the intake passage 53 at the first branch made in the intake passageways from the carburetor connection 54, thus heating the said branch and preventing precipitation of theheavier constituents of the fuel at this point.

As shown in Fig. 4:, the exhaust manifold 39 is provided with a chamber 39 extending therefrom adjacent thepassageway 36 to the wall of the intermediate portion 46 of the intake passageways at one of the second branches in said passageways, as a result of which the said second branch is heated by the exhaust gases and precipitation of the heavier constituents of the fuel is prevented. A similar construction is employed adjacent the exhaust passageway 35, and thus the other one of the second branches of the intake passageways is similarly heated.

As shown in Fig. 5, the passageway 29 terminates in a chamber under the two valve seats 17 and 18 of the intake valves 17 and 18 respectively, it being understood that a similar construction is employed in connection with the valves 25 and 26 and with th valves 21 and 22. i

As indicated in Fig. 2, the end connections 40 and 43 of the exhaust manifold are adjacent the corresponding end connections 49 and 52 of the intake passages of said intermediate portion, to facilitate the use of a single fastening device for the two said connections at each end of said intermediate portion, and that the two said end connections are separated slightly from each other at said fastening points to permit unequal expansion and contraction of the parts.

From the above it will be observed that l have produced a construction of intake and exhaust passages by which all of these passages are contained in structures outside of the cylinder block, with the exception of straight short passages or ports in the cylinder block connected with the several intake and exhaust valves as required to supply the intake valves with mixture and deliver the exhaust gases from the cylinder block. It will furthermore be observed that the intermediate portion of the intake passages, instead of being incorporated in the cylinder block as heretofore, is now contained in a separate structure combined with the exhaust manifold in a simple manner to heat the intake passages at the point where percipitation of the heavier fuel constituents would otherwise occur, namely at the branches in the intake passages above referred to as the second branches and that the exhaust manifold has an open connection communicating with a chamber in the? first portion of the intake passages by which the first branch in the intake passages is suitably heated to prevent precipitation, said first portion of the intake passages consisting of a structure separate from the inter-5 8P3 mediate portion of said intake passages. All of the connections from the first portion of the intake passages, as well as the corresponding connections on the intermediate portion of the intake passages are in a single plane, facilitating machinlngthese connections so that they will properly engage each other. It will be understood that proper packing or gaskets are employed in practice at the connection of the several parts to each other, this packing being omitted in the drawings for the sake of clearance as it constitutes no part of the present invention. By my construction it will be observed, all branches in the intake passages are removed from the cylinder block and therefore from the chilling effect of the jacketing water duringstarting the motor, that I heat by the exhaust gases, all points of the intake passages where precipitation of the fuel would otherwise occur, and that by dividing the intake passages outside of the cylinder block into two structures, 1 provide a construction which readily may be manufactured without however interfering with the effectiveness of heating the intake passages and without interfering in any way with constructing the intake and exhaust passages in any manner required by the dictates of good designing. It will also be observed that by my invention I also much simplify the cylinder block construction by removing the complications of branch passages from it.

While l[ have shown my invention in the particular embodiment above described it will be understood that I do not limit myself to this exact construction, as .T may employ equivalents known to the art at the time of the filing of this application without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

l. in an intake manifold, the combination of an outer portion having a carburetor ill) lid

Mi i ,J---J said second portion having receiving connection and branched passageways therein extending to two delivery connections, and a second portion for connection between the outer portion and a cylinder block, said second portion having receiving connections for engagement with the delivery connections of the outer portion and branched passageways extending from each of said receiving connections to a plurality of delivery connections, said second portion including an exhaust manifold having connections for engaging a cylinder block and separated by a single wall from each branch in the intake passageways in said second portion, said outer and said second portions being separate parts and connected together in use, whereby all of the branches in the intake pasageways are contained in said outer and said second portions and the branch points in said second portion are heated by the exhaust gases.

2. lln an intake manifold, the combination of an outer portion having a carburetor connection and branched passageways therein extending to the two delivery connections, and a second portion tor connection between the outer portion and a cylinder block, said second portion having receiving connections for engagement with the delivery connections of the outer portion and branched passageways extending from each oi said ceiving connections to a plurality delivery connections, said secon oortion including an exhaust manifold having connections for engaging a cylinder block and arate T 1 single wall from each branch in the passageways in said second portion, outer and said second portions being separate and connected together use, whereby allot thebranches the intake pasageways are contained on; and said second portions and the branch points in s by the exhaus. gases, outer a chamber engag g the H n its intake a c 0 y supply connect exhaust old "v an extension connection r engag. aid supnly nection to deliver chain er,

man oi an outer portion na connection. and branched passa extendin to delivery secoi ortion'i or connection enter portion and cylinder hlo id second nortion are heat d nortion ontw nections for engagement with the deli cal outer pi. igeways extending iceiving connections to or "rainy v ry connections, said second portion 3 an exhaust manifold having con trons tor engaging cylinder block and separated by a single wall from each branch in the intake passageways in said second portion, said outer and said second portions being separate parts and connected together in use, whereby all of the branches in the intake passageways are contained in said outer and said second portions and the branch points in said second portion are heated by the exhaust gases, the faces of all of the connections of said outer portion being located in a single plane for engagement with the corresponding connection faces of said second portion similarly located in a single plane.

a. lin an intake manifold, the combination or" an outer portion having a carburetor connection and branched passageways therein extending to two delivery connections, and a second portion for connection between the outer portion and a cylinder block, said second portion having receiving connections for engagement with the delivery connections of the outer portion and branched passageways extending from each of said receiving connections to a plurality of delivery connections, said second portion including an exhaust manifold having connections for engaging a cylinder block and separated by a single wall from each branch in theintake passageways in said second portion, said outer and said second portions being separate parts and connected together in use, whereby, all of the branches in the intake passageways are contained in said outer and said second portions and the branch points said second portion are heated by the exhaust gases, the faces of all. of i being locate? a single plane for engage ment with corresponding connection laces of said second portion similarly located single plane :iaces oi? the re so connections or said second portion '10 and a on navii a en rt with cylinder hloc'n, said receiving connections the delivery connecortion and branched ten mg from each of s actions to a plurality secci clock w l I i s i a passageways in said second enter and second per ions ate and connected together a "h o the ra-ach in t the connections of said outer portion ortion tor connection between the each branch fill outer and said second portions and the branch points in said second portion are heated by the exhaust gases, said outer portion having a chamber engaging the wall of the branch in its intake passages and opening outwardly at a supply connection and said exhaust manifold having an extension and connection for engaging said supply connection to deliver exhaust gases into said chamber, the faces of all of the connections of said outer portion being located in a single plane for engagement with the corresponding connection faces of said second portion similarly located in a single plane.

8. In an intake manifold, the combination of an outer portion having a carburetor connection and branched passageways therein extending to two delivery connections, and a second portion for connection between the outer portion and a cylinder block, said second portion having receiving connections for engagement with the delivery connections of the outer portion and branched passageways extending from each of said receiving connections to a plurality of delivery connections, said second portion including an exhaust manifold havingconnections tior engaging a cylinder block and separated by a single wall from each branch in the intake passageways in said second portion, said outer and said second portions being separate parts and connected together use, whereby all of the branches in the intake assageways are contained in said outer d said second portions and the branch points in said second portion are the exhaust gases, said outer pora chamber engaging the wall ch in its intake passages and opening outwardly at a supply connection and said exhaust manifold having an exand connection for engaging said supply connection to deliver exhaust gases into said chamber% the faces of all of the connections of said outer portion being located a sing. plane for engagement with the corresponding connection faces of said second portion similarly located in a single plane and the faces of the remaining conn ctions of said second portion being in 4 si e plane to facilitate connection of cylinder block.

an intake manii ld, combinaortion having a carburetor .c i manched passageways thereextendn to two delivery connections, a second portion for connection between the outer portion and a cylinder block, said second portion having receiving connections engagement with the delivery connections or the outer portion and branched passageways extending from each of said receiving connections to a plurality of delivery connections, said second portion eluding an exhaust manifold having connections for engaging a cylinder block and separated by a single wall from each branch in the intake passageways in said second portion, said outer and said second portion being separate parts and connected together in use, whereby all of the branches in the intake passageways are contained in said outer and said second portions and the branch points in said second portion are heatedby the exhaust gases, the end connections of the exhaust manifold being adjacent to and separated from the end connections of the intake passages of said second portion to receive a common retaining device at each end and permit relative expansion and contraction between said exhaust and said intake connections.

8. In an intake manifold, the combination of an outer portion having a carburetor connection and branched passageways therein extending to two delivery connections, and a second portion for connection between the outer portion and a cylinder block, said second portion having receiving connections for engagement with the delivery connections of the outer portion and branched passageways extending from each of said receiving connections to a plurality of delivery connections, said second portion including an exhaust manifold having connections for engaging a cylinder block and separated by a single wall from each branch in the intake passageways in said second portion, said outer and said second portions being separate parts and connected together in use, whereby all of the branches in the intake passageways are contained in said outer and said second portions and the branch points in said second portion are heated by the exhaust gases, said outer portion having a chamber engaging the wall of the branch in its intake passages and opening outwardly at a supply connection and said exhaust manifold having an extension and connection for engaging said supply connection to deliver exhaust gases into said chamber, the end connections of the exhaust manifold being adjacent to and separated from the end connections of the intake passages of said second portion to receive a common retaining device at each end and permit relative expansion and contraction between said exhaust and said intake connections. v

a)! In an intake manifold, the combinaticn an outer portion having a carburetor cdnnection and branched passageways there in extending to two delivery connections, and a second portion for connection between the outer portion and a cylinder block, said second portion having receiving connections for enga ement with the delivery connections of t e outer portion and branched passageways extending from each of said re- Elli ceiving connections to a plurality of depassageways are contained in said outer and livery connections, said second portion insaid second portions.

eluding an exhaust manifold having con- In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe l0 nections for engaging a cylinder block, said my name this 20th day of March A. D. outer and said second portions being sep- 1922.

arate parts and connected together in use, whereby all of the branches in the intake STEVEN F. EVELYN. 

